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| | Blowing Agents | £250.00 | | Rapra Polymer Bulletin |  | | This Polymer Bulletin is a current awareness service from the Polymer Library, the world's largest database dedicated to polymer literature. Each time the abstracts database is updated with new records (approx. every two weeks) you will be sent a bulletin alerting you to any items that relate to blowing agents. Please see the sample issue below (request further samples)
The usage of blowing agents (used to create foamed, cellular and hollow materials) in the rubber and plastics industries was hugely affected by the 1987 Montreal Protocol, which set international targets on the use of ozone-depleting gases such as chlorofluorocarbons. CFC-11 has passed the phase-out date of 1995 in the developed countries and is approaching its phase-out date of 2010 in the developing countries.
As a result common replacements include cyclopentane in Europe and HCFC-141b in the USA, Asia and the Pacific (but with cyclopentane gaining popularity in the latter two). Most interesting, however, is the rapid increase in the use of carbon dioxide in various foaming technologies, primarily due to its low cost and high blowing capacity, but also due the unusual physical properties of the resultant foams. Understanding the legislative requirements for blowing agents is an ongoing necessity for all those involved with foam applications.
A Current Awareness service from Rapra may be just what you need to update your knowledge with ease and accuracy without having to waste time, effort and money finding the information yourself.
If there are many people within your organisation who would benefit from this information then get in touch to talk to us about our multi-recipient bulletin. | | | | Format: Annual subscription, E-mail delivery every 2 weeks, Variable no. of records | | ISBN: | | |
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Sample Polymer Bulletin for one fortnightly update
Blowing Agents |
Record 1: Copyquest order no.
983120
Plastics Technology 52, No.9, Sept.2006, p.15 ISSN: 0032-1257 CODEN: PLTEAB
FOAMING PVC PROFILES BOTH INSIDE-OUT AND OUTSIDE-IN.
We are informed here that US company Greiner Extrusion US Inc. has recently developed an unusual hybrid die which combines "Celuka" PVC foam extrusion technology with free foaming, in order to eliminate voids and achieve a dull matte surface. This very short article offers us brief details of the process.
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Record 2: Copyquest order no.
983110
Plastics, Rubber and Composites 35, No.9, 2006, p.360-367 ISSN: 1465-8011
STUDY ON FOAMING KINETICS AND PREPARATION OF EPDM FOAMS.
Wang B Q; Peng Z L; Zhang Y; Zhang Y X (Shanghai,Jiao Tong University)
An ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer was compounded with a high surface area carbon black as reinforcing filler, a secondary accelerator (diphenyl guanidine), sulphur, azodicarbonamide blowing agent and other ingredients in a two-roll mill, extruded through a cold feed extruder and vulcanised in a circulating hot air oven. The kinetics of blowing of the EPDM compounds were studied using a moving die rheometer and the effects of blowing agent content and process temperature on the cell structure of the foams examined. 20 refs.
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Record 3: Copyquest order no.
983050
Macromolecular Materials and Engineering 291, No.10, 20th Oct.2006, p.1233-1244 ISSN: 1438-7492 CODEN: MMENFA
USE OF NITROGEN AS A BLOWING AGENT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF FINE-CELLED HIGH-DENSITY POLYETHYLENE FOAMS.
Lee J W S; Park C B (Toronto,University)
Extruded HDPE foams were produced using nitrogen as blowing agent and talc as nucleating agent and the void fraction and cell density of the foams investigated using the water-displacement method and scanning electron microscopy. The effects of die temperature, talc content and pressure drop rate on cell density and void fraction and nitrogen content on cell density were evaluated and the relationship between cell density and void fraction examined. 17 refs.
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Record 4: Copyquest order no.
983049
Macromolecular Materials and Engineering 291, No.10, 20th Oct.2006, p.1226-1232 ISSN: 1438-7492 CODEN: MMENFA
INFLUENCE OF PROCESSING TEMPERATURE ON MICROCELLULAR INJECTION-MOULDED WOOD-POLYPROPYLENE COMPOSITES.
Bledzki A K; Faruk O (Kassel,Universitat)
Microcellular soft wood fibre-reinforced PP composites in box part and panel shape were produced by injection moulding using an endothermic chemical foaming agent (ESC 5313) in the form of polymeric microspheres. The effect of processing temperature over the range of 150 to 170C, 160 to 180C and 170 to 190C on the microcellular structure and mechanical properties of the composites was investigated by scanning electron microscopy and tensile, flexural and impact testing. A comparative study was also made of cell morphology, weight reduction and mechanical properties between box and panel parts. 18 refs.
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Record 5: Copyquest order no.
983023
China Rubber Industry 53, No.11, 2006, p.658-662 ISSN: 1000-890X
INFLUENCE OF BLOWING AGENT ON PROPERTIES OF EPDM SPONGE.
Jun Zhang; Zhi-Xin Xu (Nanjing,University of Technology)
Chinese
The effects of the type and amount of various blowing agents and blowing agent blends on the properties of EPDM sponge were investigated. Scanning electron microscopy was used to study foam cell structure. 2 refs.
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Record 6: Copyquest order no.
982833
Journal of Applied Polymer Science 102, No.6, 15th Dec.2006 p.5240-5247 ISSN: 0021-8995 CODEN: JAPNAB
PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF BIODEGRADABLE FOAMS FROM CALCIUM CARBONATE REINFORCED POLY(PROPYLENE CARBONATE) COMPOSITES.
Jiao J; Xiao M; Shu D; Li L; Meng Y Z (Sun Yat-Sen,University; South China,Normal University; Nanyang,Technological University)
Chemical foaming agents were used to prepare biodegradable foams from calcium carbonate filled polypropylene composites. Void fraction, cell structure and compression strengths of foams were examined with respect to foaming temperature, foaming time and calcium carbonate content, and foams were characterised using gel permeation chromatography, density measurements, scanning electron microscopy and compression strength tests. Cell size increased and foam density decreased with increasing foaming temperature, but nucleation by calcium carbonate tended to increase the number and reduce the size of porosity as filler content increased. Compression strength increased with carbonate addition. 33 refs.
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Record 7: Copyquest order no.
982728
Cellular Polymers 25, No.6, 2006, p.277-292 ISSN: 0262-4893 CODEN: CELPDJ
THE EFFECT OF COMPOSITION ON IMPACT PROPERTIES OF FOAMED HDPE/PP BLENDS.
Estrada-Nunez S A; Gonzalez-Nunez R; Rodrigue D (Guadalajara,University; Laval,University)
The preparation of high density polyethylene/polypropylene blend foams using azodicarbonamide as blowing agent, zinc oxide as accelerator and a styrene-butadiene-styrene triblock copolymer as compatibiliser, and their characterisation by optical microscopy, SEM, density, fracture properties and impact resistance testing, is described. The effects of blend composition on the impact properties of the foamed blends are discussed. 34 refs.
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Record 8: Copyquest order no.
982662
Arlington, VA., Alliance for the Polyurethanes Industry, 2006, 82 papers, pp.765, CD-ROM, 012
POLYURETHANES 2006. Proceedings of a conference held Salt Lake City, Ut., 25th-27th Sept.2006.
Editor(s): American Plastics Council; Alliance for the Polyurethanes Industry
Eighty-two papers are published following this annual conference focusing on technical developments in the field of polyurethanes. Papers are divided into the following sessions: polyols, construction, processing innovations, elastomers, renewable content polyols, appliance, footwear, voc reduction, chemistry, furnishings, automotive, blowing agents, and FR and combustibility.
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Record 9: Copyquest order no.
982311
ANTEC 2006. Proceedings of the 64th SPE Annual conference held Charlotte, NC., 7th-11th May 2006 Editor(s): SPE Brookfield, Ct., SPE, 2006, p.1251-4, PDF 103706, CD-ROM, 012
INK WASHOUT PROBLEM OF IN-MOLD-DECORATION BY MICROCELLULAR INJECTION MOLDING.
Yang J P; Chen S C; Hsu P M; Hwang S S
Chung Yuan University; Taiwan,Ching Yun University; Taiwan,Far East College
In-Mould-Decoration (IMD) and Microcellular Injection Moulding are two advanced processes in the plastics industry. IMD combines film technology and injection moulding processes to improve the parts' surface decoration and colouration. IMD also reduces the cost for secondary processing. The current problem with IMD is the ink washout effect by the melt polymer. The purpose of this project is to study the ink washout effect by microcellular injection moulding. PC films of 0.1 and 0.125 mm thicknesses, coated with grid mesh, were used as the IMD devices and put on the perimeter of the gate of a grocery box of ABS material. Process parameters were changed to investigate the ink washout effect by the microcellular injection moulding and the conventional injection moulding processes. The results show that microcellular injection moulding has less effect on ink washout than conventional injection moulding. As melt temperature, injection speed, mould temperature, and shot size are increased; the ink washout problem is more severe. However, as the melt plasticizing pressure (MPP) is increased, the ink washout problem is less severe for microcellular injection moulding. 8 refs.
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Record 10: Copyquest order no.
982303
ANTEC 2006. Proceedings of the 64th SPE Annual conference held Charlotte, NC., 7th-11th May 2006 Editor(s): SPE Brookfield, Ct., SPE, 2006, p.1210-4, PDF 103822, CD-ROM, 012
INCREASING THE SURFACE QUALITY OF FOAMED INJECTION MOLDED PARTS.
Michaeli W; Cramer A
Institut fuer Kunststoffverarbeitung; IKV
Besides a lot of positive aspects of foam injection moulding (FIM), the achievable surface qualities are rather poor in many cases. Occurring silver streaks, melt eruptions and cold-displaced polymer melt areas cause more uneven and non-uniform part surfaces in comparison to conventional injection moulding. That is the reason why foamed parts are often excluded as visually exposed parts. A comprehensive understanding of the effects arising during the filling phase establishes new possibilities to increase the surface qualities in foam injection moulding. New research shows that different process variants of FIM such as breathing moulds, gas counter-pressure, structured and coated cavity surfaces can increase the surface quality effectively. 6 refs.
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Record 11: Copyquest order no.
982285
ANTEC 2006. Proceedings of the 64th SPE Annual conference held Charlotte, NC., 7th-11th May 2006 Editor(s): SPE Brookfield, Ct., SPE, 2006, p.1118-22, PDF 103820, CD-ROM, 012
MICROCELLULAR INJECTION MOLDING COMPARED TO CONVENTIONAL INJECTION MOLDING.
Ni S
Lexmark International Inc.
This paper will show how the microcellular injection moulding process compares to conventional injection moulding for an injection moulded part with tight tolerances. A critical part from a laser printer was used as an example in the study. The part was first injection moulded using the conventional injection moulding process then analyzed using the microcellular injection moulding process. The Moldflow injection moulding simulation software was able to accurately predict the part warpage which agreed well with the real injection moulded part. The predicted part warpage in microcellular injection moulding process was better than in the conventional injection moulding process. 7 refs.
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